Added tests, fixed __index, custom constructor return values, 0.1.4

changelog.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+0.1.4:
+	- :new non-nil custom returns values now replace the usual returned instance
+	- Custom inherited __index metamethods are now called on the correct class instead of the class it is defined in.
+	- Added tests.
 0.1.3:
 	- Added __name attribute in BaseClass for a more informative __tostring.
 	- Fixed instanciation error when no custom :new method is defined.

classtoi.lua

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
---- Reuh's class library version 0.1.3. Lua 5.1-5.3 and LuaJit compatible.
+--- Reuh's class library version 0.1.4. Lua 5.1-5.3 and LuaJit compatible.
 -- Objects and classes behavior are identical, so you can consider this to be somewhat prototype-based.
 -- Features:
 -- * Multiple inheritance with class(parents...) or someclass(newstuff...)
@@ -8,11 +8,12 @@
 -- * Instanciate with class:new(...)
 -- * Test inheritance relations with class/object.is(thing, isThis)
 -- * Call object:new(...) on instanciation
+-- * If object:new(...) returns non-nil values, they will be returned instead of the instance
 -- * Call class.__inherit(class, inheritingClass) when creating a class inheriting the previous class. If class.__inherit returns a value, it will
 --   be used as the parent table instead of class, allowing some pretty fancy behavior (it's like an inheritance metamethod).
 -- * Implements Class Commons
 -- * I don't like to do this, but you can redefine every field and metamethod after class creation (except __index and __super).
--- Not features (things you may want to know):
+-- Not features / Things you may want to know:
 -- * Will set the metatable of all parent classes/tables if no metatable is set (the table will be its own metatable).
 -- * You can't redefine __super (any __super you define will be only avaible by searching in the default __super contents).
 -- * Redefining __super or __index after class creation will break everything (though it should be ok with new, is, __call and everything else).
@@ -20,6 +21,8 @@
 --   will return the default method and not the one you've defined. However, theses defaults will be replaced by yours automatically on instanciation,
 --   except __super and __index, but __index should call your __index and act like you expect. __super will however always be the default one
 --   and doesn't proxy in any way yours.
+-- * __index metamethods will be called with an extra third argument, which is the current class being searched in the inheritance tree.
+--   You can safely ignore it.
 --
 -- Please also note that the last universal ancestor of the classes (defined here in BaseClass) sets the default __tostring method
 -- and __name attribute for nice class-name-printing. Unlike the previoulsy described attributes and methods however, it is done in a normal
@@ -59,17 +62,22 @@ methods = {
 	-- A new object will only be created if calling the method "class:new(...)", if you call for example "class.new(someTable, ...)", it
 	-- will only execute the constructor defined in the class on someTable. This can be used to execute the parent constructor in a child
 	-- object, for example.
+	-- It should also be noted that if the new method returns non-nil value(s), they will be returned instead of the object.
 	["!new"] = function(self, ...)
 		if lastIndexed == self then
-			local obj = self()
+			local obj, ret = self(), nil
 			-- Setting class methods to the ones found in parents (we use rawset in order to avoid calling the __newindex metamethod)
 			different = methods["!new"]  rawset(obj, "new", obj:__index("new") or nil)
 			different = methods["!is"]   rawset(obj, "is", obj:__index("is") or nil)
 			different = methods.__call   rawset(obj, "__call", obj:__index("__call") or nil)
 			different = nil
 			-- Call constructor
-			if obj.new ~= methods["!new"] and type(obj.new) == "function" then obj:new(...) end
+			if obj.new ~= methods["!new"] and type(obj.new) == "function" then ret = { obj:new(...) } end
-			return obj
+			if not ret or #ret == 0 then
+				return obj
+			else
+				return unpack(ret)
+			end
 		else
 			different = methods["!new"]
 			local new = lastIndexed:__index("new") or nil
@@ -104,18 +112,19 @@ methods = {
 	-- When getting a value from the class, it will be first searched in stuff, then in Base1, then in all Base1 parents,
 	-- then in Base2, then in Base2 parents.
 	-- A way to describe this will be search in the latest added tables (from the farthest child to the first parents), from left-to-right.
-	__index = function(self, k)
+	-- self always refer to the initial table the metamethod was called on, super refers to the class currently being searched for a value.
+	__index = function(self, k, super)
 		local proxied = methods["!"..tostring(k)]
 		if proxied ~= nil and proxied ~= different then -- proxied methods
 			lastIndexed = self
 			return proxied
 		end
-		for _, t in ipairs(self.__super) do -- search in super (will auto-follow __index metamethods)
+		for _, t in ipairs((super or self).__super) do -- search in super (will follow __index metamethods)
-			local val = t[k]
+			local val = rawget(t, k)
 			if val ~= nil and val ~= different then return val end
-			-- If different search is on and the direct t[k] returns an identical value, force the __index metamethod search.
+			-- Also covers the case when different search is enabled and the raw t[k] returns an identical value, so the __index metamethod search will be tried for another value.
-			if different ~= nil and getmetatable(t) and getmetatable(t).__index then
+			if getmetatable(t) and getmetatable(t).__index then
-				val = getmetatable(t):__index(k)
+				val = getmetatable(t).__index(self, k, t)
 				if val ~= nil and val ~= different then return val end
 			end
 		end

knife-test.lua

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+--[[
+knife.test - A fixture-free test framework.
+
+https://github.com/airstruck/knife
+
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2015 airstruck
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+]]
+
+local test, testAssert, testError
+
+-- Create a node representing a test section
+local function createNode (parent, description, process)
+    return setmetatable({
+        parent = parent,
+        description = description,
+        process = process,
+        nodes = {},
+        activeNodeIndex = 1,
+        currentNodeIndex = 0,
+        assert = testAssert,
+        error = testError,
+    }, { __call = test })
+end
+
+-- Run a node
+local function runNode (node)
+    node.currentNodeIndex = 0
+    return node:process()
+end
+
+-- Get the root node for a given node
+local function getRootNode (node)
+    local parent = node.parent
+    return parent and getRootNode(parent) or node
+end
+
+-- Update the active child node of the given node
+local function updateActiveNode (node, description, process)
+    local activeNodeIndex = node.activeNodeIndex
+    local nodes = node.nodes
+    local activeNode = nodes[activeNodeIndex]
+
+    if not activeNode then
+        activeNode = createNode(node, description, process)
+        nodes[activeNodeIndex] = activeNode
+    else
+        activeNode.process = process
+    end
+
+    getRootNode(node).lastActiveLeaf = activeNode
+
+    return activeNode
+end
+
+-- Run the active child node of the given node
+local function runActiveNode (node, description, process)
+    local activeNode = updateActiveNode(node, description, process)
+    return runNode(activeNode)
+end
+
+-- Get ancestors of a node, including the node
+local function getAncestors (node)
+    local ancestors = { node }
+    for ancestor in function () return node.parent end do
+        ancestors[#ancestors + 1] = ancestor
+        node = ancestor
+    end
+    return ancestors
+end
+
+-- Print a message describing one execution path in the test scenario
+local function printScenario (node)
+    local ancestors = getAncestors(node)
+    for i = #ancestors, 1, -1 do
+        io.stderr:write(ancestors[i].description or '')
+        io.stderr:write('\n')
+    end
+end
+
+-- Print a message and stop the test scenario when an assertion fails
+local function failAssert (node, description, message)
+    io.stderr:write(message or '')
+    io.stderr:write('\n\n')
+    printScenario(node)
+    io.stderr:write(description or '')
+    io.stderr:write('\n\n')
+    error(message or '', 2)
+end
+
+-- Create a branch node for a test scenario
+test = function (node, description, process)
+    node.currentNodeIndex = node.currentNodeIndex + 1
+    if node.currentNodeIndex == node.activeNodeIndex then
+        return runActiveNode(node, description, process)
+    end
+end
+
+-- Test an assertion
+testAssert = function (self, value, description)
+    if not value then
+        return failAssert(self, description, 'Test failed: assertion failed')
+    end
+    return value
+end
+
+-- Expect function f to fail
+testError = function (self, f, description)
+    if pcall(f) then
+        return failAssert(self, description, 'Test failed: expected error')
+    end
+end
+
+-- Create the root node for a test scenario
+local function T (description, process)
+    local root = createNode(nil, description, process)
+
+    runNode(root)
+    while root.activeNodeIndex <= #root.nodes do
+        local lastActiveBranch = root.lastActiveLeaf.parent
+        lastActiveBranch.activeNodeIndex = lastActiveBranch.activeNodeIndex + 1
+        runNode(root)
+    end
+
+    return root
+end
+
+-- Run any other files passed from CLI.
+if arg and arg[0] and arg[0]:gmatch('test.lua') then
+    _G.T = T
+    for i = 1, #arg do
+        dofile(arg[i])
+    end
+    _G.T = nil
+end
+
+return T

test.lua

@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+local T = require("knife-test")
+
+-- luacheck: ignore T
+T("Given the base class", function(T)
+	local class = require("classtoi")
+
+	-- Inheritance
+	T("When subclassed with an attribute", function(T)
+		local Thing = class {
+			attribute = "thing"
+		}
+
+		T:assert(Thing.attribute == "thing", "Then the attribute should be set on the subclass")
+		T:assert(class.attribute == nil, "Then the attribute shouldn't be set on the base class'")
+
+		T:assert(class.is(Thing), "Then the subclass should be a subclass of the base class (class.is)")
+		T:assert(Thing:is(class), "Then the subclass should be a subclass of the base class (subclass:is)")
+
+		T("When the subclass is instanced", function(T)
+			local thing = Thing:new()
+
+			T:assert(thing.attribute == "thing", "Then the attribute should be kept")
+
+			T:assert(class.is(thing), "Then the object should be a subclass of the base class (class.is(object))")
+			T:assert(thing:is(class), "Then the object should be a subclass of the base class (object:is(class))")
+			T:assert(thing:is(Thing), "Then the object should be a subclass of the subclass (object:is(subclass))")
+			T:assert(Thing.is(thing), "Then the object should be a subclass of the subclass (subclass.is(object))")
+
+			T("When setting the attribute on the instance", function(T)
+				thing.attribute = "not the same thing"
+
+				T:assert(thing.attribute == "not the same thing", "Then the attribute should be set for the object")
+				T:assert(Thing.attribute == "thing", "Then the attribute should be kept for the subclass")
+			end)
+		end)
+
+		T("When the subclassed is subclassed with two parents", function(T)
+			local OtherThing = class {
+				attribute = "other thing",
+				other = true
+			}
+
+			local SubThing = Thing(OtherThing)
+
+			T:assert(SubThing.attribute == "other thing", "Then the last added parent should have priority")
+
+			local SubOtherThing = class(Thing, OtherThing)
+
+			T:assert(SubOtherThing.attribute == "thing", "Then the left-most class should have priority")
+
+			T:assert(SubThing.other and SubOtherThing.other, "Then new attribute should be always inherited")
+
+			T("When adding a method to the first subclass", function(T)
+				Thing.action = function(self, arg)
+					self.attribute = arg
+				end
+
+				T("When calling it on the first subclass", function(T)
+					Thing:action("new thing")
+
+					T:assert(Thing.attribute == "new thing", "Then it affect the first subclass")
+					T:assert(SubOtherThing.attribute == "new thing", "Then it affect children wich inherit the modified attribute")
+					T:assert(SubThing.attribute == "other thing", "Then it doesn't affect children which doesn't inherit the modified attribute")
+				end)
+
+				T("When calling it on another subclass", function(T)
+					SubOtherThing:action("new thing")
+
+					T:assert(Thing.attribute == "thing", "Then it doesn't affect the parent subclass")
+					T:assert(SubOtherThing.attribute == "new thing", "Then it affect the subclass")
+					T:assert(SubThing.attribute == "other thing", "Then it doesn't affect other subclasses")
+				end)
+			end)
+		end)
+	end)
+
+	-- Constructor
+	T("When subclassed with a constructor", function(T)
+		local Thing = class {
+			attribute = "class",
+
+			new = function(self, arg)
+				self.attribute = arg or "object"
+			end
+		}
+
+		T:assert(Thing.attribute == "class", "Then the class should not call the constructor itself")
+
+		T("When the subclass is instanced without arguments", function(T)
+			local thing = Thing:new()
+
+			T:assert(thing.attribute == "object", "Then the constructor should have been called on the object without arguments")
+			T:assert(Thing.attribute == "class", "Then the constructor should not be called on the class")
+		end)
+
+		T("When the subclass is instanced without arguments", function(T)
+			local thing = Thing:new("stuff")
+
+			T:assert(thing.attribute == "stuff", "Then the constructor should have been called on the object with arguments")
+			T:assert(Thing.attribute == "class", "Then the constructor should not be called on the class")
+		end)
+
+		T("When the subclass is subclassed and instanced with another constructor", function(T)
+			local SubThing = Thing {
+				new = function(self)
+					self.sub = true
+					Thing.new(self, "a whole new thing")
+				end
+			}
+
+			local subthing = SubThing:new()
+
+			T:assert(subthing.sub, "Then the new constructor is called on the new instance")
+			T:assert(not SubThing.sub, "Then the new constructor is not called on the class")
+
+			T:assert(subthing.attribute == "a whole new thing", "Then the parent new method was correctly accessed and called on the new instance")
+			T:assert(SubThing.attribute == "class", "Then the parent new method was not called on the class")
+		end)
+	end)
+	T("When subclassed with a constructor returning non-nil values and instanced", function(T)
+		local Thing = class {
+			new = function(self, arg)
+				return true, arg
+			end
+		}
+
+		local thing, other = Thing:new("mostly useless but cool")
+
+		T:assert(thing == true and other == "mostly useless but cool", "Then the constructor return value should be returned instead of an object")
+	end)
+
+	-- Usual metamethods
+	T("When subclassed with a metamethod", function(T)
+		local Thing = class {
+			value = 0,
+			__add = function(self, other)
+				self.value = self.value + other
+				return self
+			end
+		}
+
+		T:assert(Thing.value == 0, "Then the attribute is set on the subclass")
+
+		Thing = Thing + 5
+
+		T:assert(Thing.value == 5, "Then the metamethod is correctly called on the subclass")
+		T:assert(class.value == nil, "Then the metamethod doesn't affect the base class")
+
+		T("When the subclass is instancied", function(T)
+			local thing = Thing:new()
+			thing = thing + 5
+
+			T:assert(thing.value == 10, "Then the metamethod is correctly called on the instance")
+			T:assert(Thing.value == 5, "Then the metamethod doesn't affect the parent class")
+		end)
+	end)
+
+	-- Redefining usual special class methods
+	T("When a subclass redefine one of the default class methods", function(T)
+		local Thing = class {
+			is = function(self)
+				return "mashed potatoes"
+			end,
+
+			__call = function(self, arg)
+				return "hot potatoes with "..arg
+			end
+		}
+
+		T:assert(Thing:is(class) == true, "Then defaults methods are still used on the class")
+		T:assert(Thing():is(class) == true, "Then defaults metamethods are still used on the class")
+
+		T("When the subclass is instancied", function(T)
+			local thing = Thing:new()
+
+			T:assert(thing:is(class) == "mashed potatoes", "Then the redefined method is used on the instance")
+			T:assert(thing("melted raclette") == "hot potatoes with melted raclette", "Then the redefined metamethod is used on the instance")
+		end)
+	end)
+
+	-- Redefining __index
+	T("When subclassed with an __index metamethod", function(T)
+		local Thing = class {
+			value = "other",
+
+			__index = function(self, key)
+				if key == "attribute" then
+					return "thing"
+				elseif key == "another" then
+					return self.value
+				end
+			end
+		}
+
+		T:assert(Thing.attribute == "thing", "Then the metamethod is called as expected")
+		T:assert(Thing.value == "other", "Then attribute access still works as expected")
+		T:assert(Thing.another == "other", "Then the metamethod seems to correctly pass a class as the first argument")
+
+		T("When the subclass is instanced", function(T)
+			local thing = Thing:new()
+
+			T:assert(thing.attribute == "thing", "Then the metamethod is called as expected")
+			T:assert(thing.value == "other", "Then attribute access still works as expected")
+			T:assert(thing.another == "other", "Then the metamethod seems to correctly pass a class as the first argument")
+
+			T("When changing a value returned by the metamethod on the instance", function(T)
+				thing.value = "new thing"
+
+				T:assert(thing.another == "new thing", "Then the metamethod was correctly called with the instance as the first argument")
+			end)
+		end)
+	end)
+
+	-- Defining __inherit
+	T("When subclassed with an __inherit method", function(T)
+		local Thing = class {
+			attribute = "thing",
+			replace = false,
+			__inherit = function(self, inheritingClass)
+				inheritingClass.works = true
+				if self.replace then
+					return { attribute = "other thing" }
+				end
+			end
+		}
+
+		T:assert(Thing.works == true, "Then the __inherit method was correctly called on the class creation")
+
+		T("When subclassing the subclass", function(T)
+			Thing.works = "ok"
+			local SubThing = Thing()
+
+			T:assert(SubThing.attribute == "thing", "Then the child class still inherit the subclass")
+			T:assert(SubThing.works == true, "Then the __inherit method was correctly called on the inheriting class")
+			T:assert(Thing.works == "ok", "Then the __inherit method was correctly called on the inherited class")
+		end)
+
+		T("When subclassing the subclass with a return value", function(T)
+			Thing.replace = true
+			local SubThing = Thing()
+
+			T:assert(SubThing.attribute == "other thing", "Then the child class inherited the return value")
+			T:assert(SubThing.works == true, "Then the __inherit method was correctly called on the inheriting class")
+		end)
+	end)
+end)